Wednesday, November 6, 2019
Globalization and Behavioral Studies Essays
Globalization and Behavioral Studies Essays Globalization and Behavioral Studies Essay Globalization and Behavioral Studies Essay Globalization is considered as one of the biggest trends of today’s world. In the literal sense it is considered as the transformation of the entire local or in certain cases the regional phenomenon into global ones. A collective approach is usually used in the perspective of globalization and this phenomenon is described as a process in which the people of the world are unified together and they are collected and combined in a single society and such a society functions together. There are different trends that are used in globalization like technological, socio-cultural, economic, political forces and etc (Stiglitz, 2007). However, when an individual talk about globalization then emphasis is laid on the economic aspects of globalization and this aspect is usually related with the integration of economies and certain other aspects like foreign direct investment, mitigation, capital flows and etc are covered in this term. The history of globalization is wide and varied and this term was used by the economists since the 1980’s. Before 1980’s the term was widely used is the field of social sciences (Steger, 2009). Globalization although gained success in today’s world but it’s an ancient process which actually tracked the expansion of human race and the growth of civilization. The globalization is now considered as a modern term and in today’s world it is seen as a tool to increase strategic alliances and involve in collective trade which would ultimately decrease the chances of future war. Another stage of globalization led to the conference of Bretton Woods’s conference (Etizen, 2008). This conference is related to the economic integration of commerce and finance and how several institutions should integrate the process of globalization. : The Impact of globalization Globalization is usually considered as a novel idea and it is a phenomenon which the world is embracing. There are different positive effects of globalization and it is extremely beneficial for everyone in all the countries. The advantages of globalization are listed below:  ·Ã‚        The element of globalization forces the organizations and different businesses to compete on a global scale. The consumer on the other hand gains an advantage because of this and businesses are unable to control and monopolize the businesses because politicians and governments are there to control it.  ·Ã‚        Countries would specialize their specific sectors in which they are competitive and it is not necessary that all the manufacturing element would be done by Americans and Germans because if the Chinese are good at it and they offer lower rates then the manufacturing would be done by the Chinese.  ·Ã‚        Because of globalization consumers are the real winner and the consumers have the choice to buy good where they are cheap and they are not bound to buy the products of the their native land. In this scenario the consumers can get the best products at the best price and they can buy products even from China and India.  ·Ã‚        The element of prosperity is shared by everyone and before the concept of globalization China and India were poor countries and their standard of living were not good but after the globalization factor both the countries experience enormous growth and economic booms are experienced by both the countries (Peterson Bigelow, 2002). The most important fact is the consumer side that besides countries and manufacturers the customers are benefitting from the low cost and high quality products. These positive effects of globalization help the consumers and the manufacturers in both the short and the long run. The movement of globalization is pro-prosperity, anti-poverty and pro-free trade. This phenomenon of globalization is helping the developing world to raise the standard of living and both developing and developed countries are benefitting from this approach. However, certain individuals believe that besides the positive effects of globalization there are certain negative effects of globalization. These negative effects of globalization are stated below:  ·Ã‚        The phenomenon of globalization results in lesser job for the local individuals like for e.g. people in India are getting more and more jobs because of the boom of outsourcing sector but local Americans are losing their jobs and this would affect the economic conditions of America.  ·Ã‚        The labor forces are exploited by the phenomenon of globalization and child workers are used by different organizations to develop cheap products.  ·Ã‚        People are continuously facing the difficulties of job insecurity because of increased competition they are unaware of the fact that when their organization fires them.  ·Ã‚        Pollution is caused by different industries and these industries are operated in poor a country that is the reason why no legal regulations are faced by these organizations.  ·Ã‚        The biggest disadvantage of globalization is that the element of globalization is not universal and that is the reason why rich are getting richer and poor people are getting poorer because of this.  ·Ã‚        The cultural heritage of countries that are rich in cultures is affected through television and internet.  ·Ã‚        Globalization is also transforming the behaviors of individuals and there learning patterns and behaviors are shaped by foreign traditions, practices and cultures.  ·Ã‚        The element of human trafficking is increasing because of globalization.  ·Ã‚        The local industries of certain countries are affected by this phenomenon and they are taken over by multinational corporations. . Behavioral theories and globalization Globalization has different contexts and these contexts can be positive and negative. Similarly, globalization is closely linked with behavioral studies. All the behavioral theories are closely linked with the aspect of globalization. For e.g. behavioral learning theories believe that learning is closely linked with the change in behavior and this change in behavior occurs because of a continuous practice. These theories of behavioral learning are discussed below:  ·Ã‚        Contiguity theory  ·Ã‚        Classical conditioning theory or respondent conditioning. The theories of behavioral sciences are closely related with the concept of globalization and the impacts of these theories on individuals of the society are wide and varied. The impact and relationships of these three theories on globalization are discussed below: 1.     Contiguity theory The contiguity theory revolves around the principle that any stimulus and response element which is connected in certain time or space will be associated with something. This theory can be elaborated with an example that if a baseball player hits home runs when he is wearing a particular pairs of socks then he would associate the home runs with the pair of socks. Similarly, another example in this context would be related to the fact that if a student makes a good grade after implementing a new studying technique then he/she would relate the studying technique with the grade he/she scored. This technique is widely used by different individuals (Robbins Chatterjee, 2005). This contiguity theory can also be linked with the phenomenon of globalization. People have a mindset that foreign products are good in quality and if one foreign product performs well then they would relate the fact that foreign products are good in quality. Similarly, if globalization offers them a lower cost prod uct then certain individuals would believe that globalization is quite good for them because they are saving a lot of money because of globalization and it is offering them low cost products. 2.     Classical conditioning theory The first type of learning was actually discovered in the form of classical conditioning theory. This theory was formulated by a theorists named as Ivan Pavlov. This theory is also names as respondent learning theory. A certain involuntary action is related in this type of theory. For e.g. if air blows then the eyes of every individuals shuts down this behavior or reflective response is because of the past experiences and innate attitude (Zastrow Ashman, 2006). The phenomenon of globalization is linked with this theory and when an individual hears the elements globalization then a collective attribute comes in its mind that something collective is going to happen and no individual’s aspects are there to control this phenomenon and globalization is linked with the global aspect. Similarly, certain other advance objectives like mixing up the economies and having a collective currency also comes in mind when the work globalization is being heard. These globalization theories clearly depict that people are integrated with each other and the phenomenon of globalization offers the individual to collaborate with each other. The aspects of globalization are very important for the modern society and it clearly depicts the attributes of how people live with each other. The world is transforming into a global village just because of globalization and individuals from different countries understand the cultural heritage and norms of other cultures and traditions. Organizations are transforming themselves into mega enterprises and they are enlarging their vision through globalization and this approach is enhancing their profits. They are benefitting from it on both the short and the long run. Chinese culture and Indian culture is amalgamating with the cultures of other countries and westerns because of their products like dresses, food and etc are slowly and gradually depicting an adaptive behavior towards these cultures. The internet is also helping the societies and it helps different individuals and societies to break down the cultural boundaries by enabling easy way of communication. That is the reason why internet is directly linked with the process of cultural globalization and through internet the collaboration between individuals is that are far away from each other is possible. Globalization has drastically changed the living styles of different individuals and societies and in the current era it is possible that someone in America can be eating Japanese noodles wearing an Indian dress. The restaurants are offering culturally enriched food because of globalization because restaurants like McDonalds, Pizza Hut and etc believes that the customer base of their organ ization is quote wide and varied and they have to adopt new and modernized ways to cater their customers. Besides food certain other practices like meditation are also adopted by different cultures. For e.g. Americans before globalization don’t really believe in meditation but after globalization they have adopted this practice and different western countries are adopting the principles of meditation with the help of globalization (Lortie LeCroy, 2009). The culture of a certain society is considered as patterns of human activity and culture basically includes aspects like language, dressing, food, beliefs and etc. The advent of globalization has transformed the culture of different countries and the cultures of different countries are accessible to other societies and in this way the earth is shrinking and one can easily say that it is becoming a global village. In the current era globalization is considered as a debatable topic because certain individuals are accepting it and certain societies are rejecting it. However, a closer look at globalization suggests that it is helping the individuals, societies and different countries to come closer and coordinate with each other. This coordination would help these countries and individuals to attain their desired goals and objectives. Therefore, one can say that besides helping the individuals the phenomenon of globalization is linked with behavioral theories.
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